SS stands for Schutz Staffel or Protection Squad. The SS became an all-powerful organisation, a parallel version of Germany, outside of the law with their own police force and army. They controlled the spies and counter-espionage services and They ran the concentration camps which, along with the SS run Einsatz Gruppen, were directly responsible for the Holocaust.
The man at the top was Heinrich Himmler.
The SS was deemed an illegal organisation at the Nuremberg Trials and officially disbanded.
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